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Contributions to Proceedings:

Betül Bretschneider:
"Transformation of European City between Developer Urbanism and Sustainable Planning";
in: "CSAAR07 Regional Architecture and Identity in the Age of Globalization", CSAAR The Center for the Study of Architecture in the Arab Region, Tunis Tunesien, 2007, ISBN: 9789957860233, Paper ID 20, 12 pages.



English abstract:
The city and urban environment can not be (re-)created and sustained without symbiotic and synergetic coherence of the urban functions and activities in small scale.
The mono-functional industrial or housing extansion areas of the post-war era around the cities ha been turned into problem zones.
In the last decades communities and urban planners of post industrial cities has been trying to (re-)create mixed use urban fabric. Though the positive contribution of mixed uses is indisputable for all players of urban development process, its implementation and regulation show different variations. The strategical programms of planning authorities are differing in scale, location and organisation form.
The brown fileds of the industry in the central cities are the new places for urban development: in the Cities like Vienna, the sustainable urban planning is a fix part of the urban planing agenda. However the recent public-private-partnership models of real estate development in this new areas create obstacles by creating mixed use environment.
After a short review of european cities in historical context - from the pre-industrial era until globalisation, the presentation will deal with the current developments in urban planning and the different implementation methods of mixed use development in Vienna and some other european cities like Rotterdam and Munich. On one hand on the base of the new city quarters on brown fileds and on the other hand on the base of the quartel-lifting-strategies within the existing urban fabric.
Subsequently, the basic contributors and premises of mixed use development; the new role of planning authorities, the future structure of population, planning legislations, developer interests, real estate market, financing etc. are analysed.
The recent changes concerning two main urban functions - commercial uses and production -are treated with special emphasis on the local supply functions, 'retails' of function-weakened 'ground-floor-zone' in street level by the lost of retails. The cities try to find new ways to stabilize their local economy. The retails and small scale enterprises play an important role in the local economical structure, they have high impact on the job market.

Their strategic importance gains more attention by the local authorities. Paradoxially the new urban development areas has no attractive street life, no common places even no playgrounds for childeren. The car traffic with high and the shopping malls of the central city areas are the some of two reasons. Additionally some gentrification strategies- as quarter-lifting-programms, which are instigated by local authorities, has negatively impacted the possible recycling of street spaces.
The case studies shows in USA the main features of post-industrial urbanity and the ways of implementati on and/or the paradox paradigm of urbanism in two continents.
At the end a comprehensive target packet will be presnted, which contains concrete improvement aims refering different layers and scales of urban development.
The conclusion will be an outlook on the future of European cities as well a list of the strategic objectives and urban planning targets, to create a livable mixed used built environment for a sustainable development.

Keywords:
Sustainable Urbanism, New Urban Development in European Cities, Post Industrial Cities

Created from the Publication Database of the Vienna University of Technology.